One can easily embed a ball of any radius into a cylinder of any other radius by a volume-preserving transformation: just picture squeezing the ball into the cylinder (hence, the name non-squeezing theorem). One easy consequence of a transformation being symplectic is that it preserves volume. The theorem is important because formerly very little was known about the geometry behind symplectic maps. The theorem states that one cannot embed a ball into a cylinder via a symplectic map unless the radius of the ball is less than or equal to the radius of the cylinder. It was first proven in 1985 by Mikhail Gromov. The non-squeezing theorem, also called Gromov's non-squeezing theorem, is one of the most important theorems in symplectic geometry.

PEP 655 - Marking individual TypedDict items as required or potentially-missingĪnd now for something completely different.

PEP 675 - Arbitrary Literal String Type.

On average, we measured a 1.22x speedup on the standard benchmark suite. Python 3.11 is up to 10-60% faster than Python 3.10.

The Faster CPython Project is already yielding some exciting results.

gh-34627 - Atomic grouping ( (?>.)) and possessive quantifiers ( *+, ++, ?+, +) are now supported in regular expressions.gh-90908 - Introduce task groups to asyncio.

PEP 680 - tomllib: Support for Parsing TOML in the Standard Library.

PEP 654 - Exception Groups and except*.

PEP 657 - Include Fine-Grained Error Locations in Tracebacks.

Some of the new major new features and changes in Python 3.11 are: General changes Major new features of the 3.11 series, compared to 3.10 Python 3.11.4 is the newest major release of the Python programming language, and it contains many new features and optimizations. This is the fourth maintenance release of Python 3.11

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